以下是韓國警察血腥鎮壓示威的香港媒體報導情況，除了2001年4月10日毆打和平示威工人未見報導，需以「人權組織」的報告代替外，其餘的示威均有或長或短的報導(當然，在這些報導裡血腥鎮壓均被形容為「衝突」、「騷亂」)。報導的先後按影片的排序編列，方便各位對照。由於本人不懂韓文，所以只能靠影片提供的日期尋找相關報導，如有錯漏，懇請指正。
(一)2000年7月1日警察衝擊南韓醫療保險公司總部拘捕工人
(二)2000年11月12日警察阻擊被解僱工人
(三)2001年4月10日毆打和平示威的工人
(四)2001年6月19日暴力破壞工人汽車
(五)2001年12月3日以近乎謀殺的暴力對付反世貿示威者
(六)2003年11月9日反盧武鉉示威被血腥鎮壓
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(一)2000年7月1日警察衝擊南韓醫療保險公司總部拘捕工人
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
國際A16 新報
2000-07-07
漢城三千工人示威
遭防暴警察棍毆十傷
【漢城六日路透社電】南韓警方周四以警棍毆打示威者﹐這批示威者是抗議警方武力對付罷工工人。
激進的總工會號召三千名工人在漢城市中心集會示威﹐要求總統金大中為最近警方鎮壓工潮道歉。
示威者高呼﹕‘暴力警察下台。我們要金大中總統為鎮壓罷工而道歉。’目擊者稱﹐示威者與上千名防暴警察爆發衝突﹐並遭警察揮動警棍毆打﹔最少十人受傷送院。據報沒有人被捕。
上周六﹐三千名防暴警察衝擊南韓醫療保險公司總部﹐結束二千名要求加薪的工會工人的三天罷工。
上周四﹐警方突擊漢城一酒店﹐因為酒店工人佔據酒店三星期﹐要求加薪和改善兼職員工的福利。
當警察清場時﹐罷工工人遭棍打腳踢。
約六萬五千名銀行員工矢言由七月十一日起舉行罷工﹐抗議可能令他們掉飯碗的改革。
南韓醫生罷工六天後已於上月底重返工作崗位﹔他們罷工令全國醫療系統癱瘓﹐九成醫院和診所停開。
--------------------------------
國際新聞A32 星島日報
2000-06-21
醫生大罷工 南韓醫院陷癱瘓
南韓多達三萬五千名醫生星期二罷工﹐抗議政府的醫療改革﹐令到醫院與診所服務停頓。
大部分私家醫院與診所都停頓。政府醫院只提供急症服務﹐當局派出軍方醫療隊伍往政府醫院協助治療病人。
當局派軍方醫療隊應急國內普遍都不滿這一罷工﹐金大中總統則指責醫生「挾持病人作人質」﹐他還說會落實改革。
南韓檢控官星期二發出警告﹐病人如遭拒絕醫療而後死亡﹐涉事醫生會被控以兇殺罪。檢控官威脅要逮捕領導罷工者。
由星期二開始的罷工是無限期罷工﹐已令國內的醫療系統出現大混亂。
無限期罷工引起大混亂
「韓國醫生協會」發言人說﹐醫生會一直罷工至政府採取步驟糾正情勢。
延世大學有數十名寄宿見習醫生舉行示威﹐其中一位姓金的說﹕「首先﹐我們要向韓國人民說聲對不起。我們現在必須丟下醫院工作不做﹐因為政府仍未答覆醫生的合理要求。」
醫院催病人辦出院手續
醫院大牆上星期一已貼上聲明﹐建議病人在星期二前辦手續離院。有一張通告這樣說﹕「請不要生病﹐不要開快車。如果閣下發生交通意外或者發燒暈倒﹐不會有醫生醫你。」
四十一所醫學院共二萬名醫科學生杯葛上課。漢城國立大學的全國最大醫院﹐有六百名專科醫生提出辭職。
綜合報道
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(二)2000年11月12日警察阻擊被解僱工人
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
國際新聞A03 大公報
2000-11-13
國際新聞精要﹙綜合通訊社消息﹚
漢城工人示威百餘人受傷
■韓國二萬工會會員星期日發動今年最激烈的勞工抗議﹐並與防暴警察大打出手﹐事件中有約一百人受傷。
這次暴動﹐是在數千名警察在漢城市中心組成人牆﹐阻撓高呼「不准裁員」的工人遊行時爆發的。工人用卡車﹑石頭﹑鐵管和爆竹﹐試圖衝破警察的封鎖。警察都戴上黑色盔甲和防彈衣﹐用警棍與工人搏鬥。
以二千名紥紅巾﹑戴白帽的工人活躍分子打頭陣﹐與警察對抗。約二十輛汽車被困在繁忙購物中心的肉搏戰中﹐並被摧毀。
在數十名工人被警察毆打時﹐三名抗議者手持一米高的煤氣罐﹐４向警察封鎖線﹐威脅要引爆。
警方說﹐有五十名警察受傷﹐工會則宣稱也有五十名工人受傷。
抗議者高呼「打倒金大中」的口號﹐抨擊金大中的改革計劃。金大中的改革運動﹐旨在通過關閉負債纍纍的銀行和公司﹐來加強韓國的競爭力。
--------------------------------
國際經濟A08 香港商報
2000-11-13
抗議政府關閉破產公司
韓爆工警衝突２０人傷
【法新社漢城十二日電】韓國工會周日舉行反對政府關閉債台高築的公司的集會﹐並與警察發生了暴力衝突﹐至少二十人受傷。
衝突是在警察試圖阻止兩萬多名其中扛有鋼管的工會成員前進時發生的﹐示威群眾包括了破產的大宇汽車公司的工人。幾千名工人揮舞棍棒衝向警察﹐警察則躲在護盾築成的矮牆後用警棍還擊。
這是自政府上月採取經濟改革政策﹐關閉破產銀行和公司以來最暴力的一次抗議活動。改革行動在上周大宇汽車公司宣布破產後加快了步伐。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(三)2001年4月10日毆打和平示威的工人
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOUTH
KOREA - Workers' Blood Decorates the Gold Nobel Peace Medal
------------------------------------------------------------
Dear
Friends,
We're
sending you following appeal made by Korean Confederation of Trade Unions
(KCTU) in South Korea. We urge you to draw your attention and to send protest
letter to South Korean President Kim Dae-jung and the Commissioner General of
the National Police Agency.
Thank
you.
Urgent
Appeals Desk
Asian
Human Rights Commission
================================================
On
April 10, over 300 members of the Daewoo Motors Workers Union, with their
lawyer holding a copy of court order, tried to enter their union office located
within the Pupyong Plant of the Daewoo Motors in Incheon.
When
they arrived at the South Gate, they were met by some 500-strong riot police in
full gear. Soon the rank of the riot police thickened to around 1,500.
The
Carnage
What
ensued for about three hours was a carnival of blood thirsty violence and total
disregard and disdain for law, legal rights, and human rights by the government
of a Nobel Peace Award laureate president.
At the
"end" of the "incident"-filled day, 14 unionists were
hospitalized for various heavy injuries, such as, broken nose, broken rib,
broken bones in hands, and partial paralysis. But, virtually all of the
unionists beaten up in varying degrees.
The
unionists trying to go to their union office was stopped some 200 meters from
the South Gate around two o'clock in the afternoon by some 500 riot police.
Their lawyer from the Korean Metal Workers Federation read out to the riot
police the ruling of the court and warned that the obstruction of the execution
of the court ruling by was against the law and constituted a crime.
According
to a statement issued by the Association of Lawyers for Democratic Society on
April 12, a Commander of the Pupyong Police Station, who was in charge of the
riot police which "met" the unionists, spat out "the government
is above the law".
For a
time there was a "lull" of some sorts filled mainly by shouting and
shoving by the protesting unionists. This lasted for about one and a half
hours. The scene subsided a little when four National Assemblymen arrived to
learn about the situation. After making some enquiries as to why the riot
police was blocking the unionists going to their office, they left the scene to
put their questions to the Commander of the Pupyong Police Station.
Following
the departure of the National Assemblymen, the riot police began to show their
impatience and began beating the unionists who stood up to them. The rank of
unionists decided to take their shirts off and lie down on the street to show
that they did not mean to do anything but to go to their office.
But, a
command was delivered to the riot police on the scene to clear away the
unionist. This was the beginning of the carnage. Riot police began the charge
against workers -- slashed and beat down with their long batons and hammered
down their shields on the unionists lying on the street. Defenceless unionists
began to get back on their feet and tried to flee, but, the riot police chased
after them, dragging them down with shower of indiscriminate beating.
At the
end of 30 minutes of rampage, which seemed to last forever, bodies were strewn
across the street, many with blood spewing out of their heads and different
parts of their bodies. One unionist had lung pierced by a broken rib. Another
was beaten on the head and face, ending up with a broken nose and skin around
the eye torn, now facing a risk of losing his sight due to excessive
hemorrhage. Another could not stop vomiting because of the barrage of beating
he received. Another could not talk properly due to heavy stuttering after the
shock of battering he had received.
A total
of 43 unionists were taken to hospital by "119 emergency relief ambulance
brigade" which arrived on the scene. (Currently [as of April 13], 24
unionists still hospitalized to receive medical treatment.) To boot, 21
unionists were "arrested" and taken away by police, only released
after "serving out" 48 hours of mandatory detention for questioning.
Most of them were in need of medical treatment for their injuries.
Unionists
"Banned" from Entering Their Office
The
"incident" occurred as unionists tried to enter the union office.
Their office was closed down by the management following the forcible removal
of the striking workers by the riot police on February 19, 2001. Since then,
the management completely closed off the union office near the South Gate of
the Pupyong Plant. Instead, it designated a small building near the West Gate.
The new
"union office" -- located within the plant compound -- however, is
not accessible from within the compound, as it is totally surrounded by a newly
erected three-meter high iron-sheet wall. Anyone wanting to enter the
"union office" would have to leave the plant compound through the
West Gate and go through a fox-hole created at the compound wall to get to the
building. But, any worker working in the Plant, in order to go to the union
office, would have to obtain a leave-pass to leave the company ground during
the work hours.
The
union, whose leadership and around 500 members who have been dismissed due to
the retrenchment order on February 17 are "camping out" at the Sangok
Cathedral near the plant, does not recognize the space designated by the
management as its office. The "original" union office near the South
Gate, close to the path of workers and the main canteen of the plant -- easily
accessible by workers -- is currently shut off by the management.
The
Pupyong Plant, ever since the work resumed on March 7, has become a
"martial law" area, with more than 2,000 riot police stationed
throughout the compound. Each of the gates to the plant compound is
"guarded" by the riot police and barricaded by container boxes.
On
March 7, the union filed for a court injunction against the obstruction of
union activities and entry to the union office (the one which is recognized by
the union). The Incheon District Court, on April 6, delivered its ruling
ordering that "a. the members of the plaintiff union entering the office
of the plaintiff to conduct legitimate union activities; b. the members of
industrial federation or national confederation to which the plaintiff belongs
entering the office of the plaintiff to provide support for the legitimate
union activities; should not be obstructed." The court ordered the court
bailiff to make the intent of its ruling and order public through appropriate
means.
In the
course of the court hearing, the lawyers for the defendant (the Daewoo Motors
management) argued that the application by the plaintiff should be dismissed as
there is no feasible likelihood of union activity within legitimate and
reasonable boundary and that there may arise various untoward incidents. The
defendant's lawyers further argued that, in case the application of the
plaintiff were to be granted, the court order should put a limit to the number
of people who would be allowed to enter the union office, and limit the time in
which the entry would be allowed. More specifically, the defendant requested
the court to limit entry to the union office to the union officers located in
the Pupyong Plant branch of the union, disallowing entry by workers dismissed
by retrenchment, union members from other union branches, and members of the
industrial federation (KMWF) or the national confederation (KCTU). Furthermore,
the defendant demanded that the entry to the union office should only be
allowed within work hours, from 8 in
the morning till 5 in the
afternoon. The defendant's arguments and claims were dismissed by the court
which upheld the application of the union.
While
the court order was posted on 4 locations in the Pupyong Plant by the court
bailiff, the management and the police remained "resolute" in
blocking the union members and leaders from entering the union office. When the
union members were blocked by the riot police the union lawyer, Attorney Park
Hoon (who represented the union at the court hearing), identified himself as a
lawyer at the service of the union and read out the ruling of the court
repeatedly, and warned the police that its actions were against the law.
When
the union members took their shirts off and lied down on the street in protest,
the lawyer Park Hoon also joined them. When the police began its violence,
Attorney Park was also subjected to brutal beating. Because of kicks and
beatings he received on his face, his eye-glasses were broken, causing severe
cuts. He complained of inability to breath due to numerous hits he had taken on
his body. And he is reported to have fractures in his pelvic bone. He is
currently hospitalized, unable to walk on his own due to pain, receiving
medical treatment.
In a
statement, the Association of Lawyers for Democratic Society describing the
police action as "barbaric", denounced, "it cannot be referred
to as police carrying out public authority as it is no different from criminal
gangsters". It went on the note that "even during the days of military
regimes of the past when human rights were trampled on, we have not heard of
police beating up and causing injury to a lawyer who was carrying out his
obligation". The Korean Bar Association, on April 12, also issued a
statement protesting the behavior of the police, especially, the total
disregard shown to the court order and a law practitioner.
The
Public Outrage - the People Demand!
When
the scene of the police atrocity, captured on video, was made public, even some
police officers expressed deep shame. One police officer, responsible for
keeping a watch on the KCTU headquarters, said, "I am totally
speechless".
The
KCTU produced 1,000 copies of the video to distribute to the civil society
organizations and member unions. The KCTU web page where a digital video file
of the carnage is can be seen was flood with concerned citizens. For three
days, from April 11 to 13, the KCTU web page recorded a total of some 3 million
clicks, with the highest on April 13 with more than one and a half million visitors.
This caused, at different times, technical difficulties in accessing the KCTU
web page.
The
KCTU and its affiliates and members plan to organize public video viewing
campaign, setting up stalls with video and television monitors on major streets
in large city centers. The KCTU has presented many civil organizations, civil
society organizations, and even political parties and the National Assembly the
video. In a statement on April 13, the KCTU invited President Kim Dae Jung to
personally view the police violence captured on the video and see for himself
whether his police's "work" was befitting a president who is a Nobel
Peace Prize laureate.
Condemnations
and protest statements, expressing outrage and calling on the government to
address the cause of the incident, were issued by many different organizations:
major law practitioners organizations, such as, the Korean Bar Association, the
Association of Lawyers for Democratic Society, the major civil society and
civil rights organizations, such as, the People's Solidarity for Participatory
Democracy (PSPD), and major civic organization like the YMCA, and major human
rights organizations, such as, the Sarangbang Human Rights Group. Some of these
organizations have set up an ad hoc investigation committee on the situation.
Some of the political parties and National Assemblymen are also calling for the
establishment of a special parliamentary body to investigate the situation.
On the
other hand, the Korean Employers Federation (KEF), the industrial relations
counterpart to the KCTU, in a document distributed on April 13 to its members,
declared the police action which led to savage attack on workers as
"legitimate execution of law and order".
The
incident prompted the KCTU to highlight and lament the very insensitivity the
whole society has developed under the numbing impact the "economic
crisis" and government-driven structural adjustment. The commonly felt
"urgency" to crawl out of the "crisis" -- at what ever the
cost (the sacrifice of workers) -- encouraged by the government, has blinded
the society and people to the key principles and values the people have
struggled and strived for over last decades. This has resulted in
command-driven restructuring, unquestioning "dependence" on the
government, turning a blind eye to the government's heavy-handed treatment of
anyone who oppose or become victim of "unavoidable" government-led
restructuring programme.
For
example, in the aftermath of the retrenchment dismissal of 1,750 workers by the
Daewoo Motors (on February 16), a cumulative total (as of March 13) of 671
workers who took part in various protest actions were arrested by police,
resulting in charges being laid against 100 persons -- 20 of them ordered to be
held in remand while the rest will face trial with being held.
The
KCTU was moved to declare in its April 14 statement that, "We are saddened
to suddenly discover that all the progress and achievement in democracy and
human rights, won by the people through many decades of struggle against
dictatorial regimes and system, have been destroyed" while the whole
society was seized by a "crisis" mentality.
The
outburst of public outcry is expected to rise and gain momentum. The KCTU's
protest rally on April 14 in
Pupyong, dubbed "Resolution Rally Calling for the Resignation of the
Government of the President Kim Dae Jung for its Responsibility in Police
Violence and Massive Retrenchment Dismissal", brought out more than 3,000
people in Incheon area.
On
April 17, the KCTU will formally file a legal action against the Commissioner
General of the National Police Agency, Chief Commander of the Incheon
Metropolitan City Police, Commander of Pupyong Police Station, and the field
commanders of the police responsible for the April 10 incident for abuse of
authority, obstruction of the execution of a legal order, and manslaughter.
The
KCTU, in its April 14 statement, demanded President Kim Dae Jung to apologize
to the people for violence against Daewoo Motors unionists and to personally
visit the hospitalized workers. It demanded the immediate dismissal and
criminal action against the Chief of Police and the release of all the arrested
members of the Daewoo Motors Workers Union and resumption of the negotiation
over the fate of the company.
The
Government is Repenting - Righting the Wrongs?
NO!
While the government has placed the Commander of the Pupyong Police Station
under suspension of duty, it has not changed its habit. It is targeting
unionists to vilify them as the "cause" and "perpetrators"
of the violent scene on April 10.
On
April 11, 2 unionists were apprehended by the police in relation to the unions
effort to enter the union office. At the end of 2 days of internment for
questioning, the police and prosecutors have laid charges against them. They
are now arrested and held in detention to face trial on their charges. The
police has also issued subpoena against the 56 unionists in relation to the
April 10 incident.
The
government is not only refusing to recognize the reality that its policies are
giving rise to this kind of tension and "confrontation" all across
the society, it is trying the turn the table against the workers. This reflects
the tendency and choice of the government to rely more and more on the physical
force of the police and authoritarian powers of the state to implement its
restructuring programmes as they are met with greater resistance due to glaring
ill-effects.
Unless
the "incident" is taken by the government as a timely
"opportunity" to review and reflect on what it has been doing (wrong)
and begin to address the causes of the problems -- if the government attempts
to roughshod through the current situation, then -- the government may end up
having to face a wide-spread and ground swell of resistance.
Action
Appeal
Pictures
of the April 10 carnage are posted on
http://www.nodong.org/images/daewoo/thumbs/st010410.htm and the video clip can
be downloaded by clicking the following address with the right mouse button and
by clicking the "save as" command -- file download: dw0410.rm (file
size = 70 megabyte). Video tape is also available.
Send
protest letters by fax or e-mail to the following address.
Mr. Kim
Dae-jung
President
of Republic of Korea
FAX:
+822 770-0202
E-MAIL:
president@cwd.go.kr
WEB
PAGE: www.cwd.go.kr
Send
copies to Commissioner General cnpa100@npa.go.kr
Also,
you can register your voice at the bulletin board of the National Police Agency
webpage http://www.police.go.kr/user/script/chamy/together/list.html
(you
will find a button at the bottom of the page - this will take you into
"write" form; the form consists of, from the top, "Name",
"Subject", "What you want to say", and the bottom to blank
spaces are for "password" which you can give so that you can change
the message later, and "change"; once you have filled the boxes, you
can press the button at the bottom to submit)
Posted
on 2001-04-17
http://www.ahrchk.net/ua/mainfile.php/2001/93/
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(四)2001年6月19日暴力破壞工人汽車
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
新聞焦點
亞洲電視網上新聞
2001-06-21
南韓警方拘捕用汽車阻塞馬路的示威者
在南韓首都漢城，警方採取行動，拘捕用汽車阻塞馬路達20幾日的示威者。
二千名防暴警察衝入示威者佔據的廣場，拖走70架泥頭車，以及近三百架私家車。
部分汽車的車頭玻璃被警察打碎，警方拘捕三百多人，包括幾名工會領袖。
他們這次要求增加人工和改善待遇的示威，由上月中開始，政府官員估計，經濟損失達170萬美元。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(五)2001年12月3日以近乎謀殺的暴力對付反世貿示威者
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
國際新聞A17 太陽報
2001-12-03
警民混戰
【法新社】南韓漢城周日發生暴力示威，約二千名農民、學生及工人聚集在漢城抗議美國迫使南韓開放稻米市場。部署在通往美國大使館的道路上的五千名防暴警察，與手持木棍的示威者發生衝突，導致最少四傷。
--------------------------------
A15 成報
2001-12-03
南韓農民暴力示威
【法新社漢城二日電】南韓農民與勞工活躍份子星期日發動暴力示威，抗議全球化及米價下跌，與防暴警察衝突。暴力於漢城一個購物區爆發，當時防暴警察阻止數以千計手持譴責世界貿易組織標語的示威者前進。
數以百計憤怒的示威者譴責世貿及金大中政府的，揮舞木棍及投擲玻璃瓶。警察以警棍反擊，雙方有數十人輕傷。示威者指責政府向外國壓力屈服，開放南韓的農業市場，他們亦促請政府提供更多國家補貼。
他們譴責美國率領其他糧食出口國施壓，令南韓更廣泛開放市場。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(六)2003年11月9日反盧武鉉示威被血腥鎮壓
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
國際新聞 A26 蘋果日報
2003-11-10
南韓工人暴力示威
約四萬南韓工人周日在漢城示威（見圖），抗議政府以新法例箝制工會，結果演變成暴力衝突。防暴警察阻止遊行隊伍前進，引發示威者投擲燃燒彈，警民雙方五十多人受傷。這是自總統盧武鉉二月上台以來最暴力的示威。
法新社
--------------------------------
國際新聞A27 太陽報
2003-11-10
韓四萬人遊行反盧武鉉 抗議偏資方警民激烈衝突
【綜合外電報道】南韓昨天爆發四萬人反政府大遊行，更演變成自總統盧武鉉上台後最激烈的警民衝突，示威者投擲達五百枚燃燒彈，事件令至少四十名工人、十六名警員受傷，以及五十人被捕。工會誓言，除非南韓政府停止一切打擊工會活動，否則將會在周三發起全國大罷工。
示威人群主要是工人及學生，他們高喊「盧武鉉下台」及「盧武鉉，停止壓迫工人」等口號，在漢城往總統府及美國大使館方向遊行，抗議政府立新法例讓僱主更容易解僱員工及索取罷工賠償，並以非法示威為名起訴數名工會領袖。
由於早前有數名工人為抗議政府而自殺身亡，有工人聲言要為同僚報仇，替他們討回公道。此外，示威者亦要求政府拒絕美國，擱置派兵伊拉克維和。
外資公司批盧軟弱
據目擊者稱，當近四萬名示威者行至市中心的主要商業區時，被數千名警員築起人牆及以巴士組成封鎖線阻止前進，繼而引發不可收拾的流血衝突。期間數百名警察以警棍及盾牌，將數十名學生毆至血流披面，示威者則不斷以燃燒彈及金屬棒還擊，市內街道一時火光熊熊。有部分傷者情況危急，由工人自行送進醫院。
發起遊行的是向來行動激烈的南韓工會聯盟（KCTU），其發言人稱若盧武鉉不肯讓步，將再策動更大規模抗爭。盧武鉉上台後工潮不斷，令外資抨擊盧政策軟弱，要求他加強監管工會活動。
--------------------------------
國際A24 明報
2003-11-10
漢城血腥示威近年最嚴重
南韓爆發總統盧武鉉上台後最嚴重、也是歷年其中一次最暴力的示威衝突，最少有43人受傷。警方估計，共有3 . 5 萬名工人和學生在漢城集會，組織者曾估計有10萬人。他們抗議政府打壓工會和派兵伊拉克，其間一度有數百名警察在一條小巷，包圍約20名學生，並用警棍毆打，電視片段可見不少學生都血流披面地倒下。之後數百名憤怒的示威者帶面罩，列陣與防暴警察對打。入夜後，燃燒彈仍繼續照亮漢城天空。圖為一名警察揪起一名滿臉鮮血的示威者。
美聯社
--------------------------------
國際A23 星島日報
2003-11-10
南韓五萬工人遊行騷亂 南韓民主勞動組合總聯盟星
期日號召大遊行，有五萬多名工會會員響應，他們聚集在漢城市政府前舉行示威，要求改善勞動環境和廢除非正規職員制度。部分情緒激動的工人用燃燒彈襲擊防暴警察，雙方追逐打鬥(圖)，有多人受傷。法新社
